According to Encyclopaedia Britannica, shorthand was originally developed by the Greek historian Xenophon. However, it wasn’t until the Roman Empire that the writing system was popularly used to pen notes quickly as people spoke. The Latin shorthand system was used for over a thousand years before it almost disappeared during the Middle Ages.
After a long pause, shorthand gained popularity again during the Victorian Era. It was also used during the Reformation to more quickly notate Bible translations. Eventually, modern shorthand developed through demand for stenographers during the Industrial Revolution.
Sir Isaac Pitman developed a modern version of shorthand in 1837, and his brother brought the system to America in 1852. While the Pitman style was widely used in Britain, it was eventually replaced in the United States by the style of John Robert Gregg. Originally called Light-Line Phonography (1888), it later became known as Gregg Shorthand.
